Feem ntau, tooj yog melted nrog tooj liab thiab tom qab ntawd muab tin, hu ua tin bronze, lub ntsiab Cheebtsam yog tin thiab tooj liab; tooj daj yog melted nrog tooj liab thiab tom qab ntawd muab zinc, hu ua zinc tooj dag, lub ntsiab yog zinc thiab tooj liab. Ntxiv qee qhov alloying ntsiab (xws li zinc, tin, aluminium, beryllium, manganese, silicon, nickel, phosphorus, thiab lwm yam) rau cov ntshiab tooj liab ua cov tooj liab sib xyaw. Copper alloy muaj cov hluav taws xob zoo hluav taws xob, thermal conductivity thiab corrosion kuj, nrog rau lub zog siab thiab hnav tsis kam. Raws li cov khoom sib txawv, cov tooj liab tooj liab tau muab faib ua tooj dag thiab tooj dag:
1. Cov tooj dag yog tooj liab ua ke nrog zinc ua cov khoom siv loj ntawm alloying. Raws li nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, tooj dag tau muab faib ua ob hom: tooj liab zoo tib yam thiab tooj dag tshwj xeeb.
(1) Ordinary brass: Ordinary tooj dag yog binary alloy ntawm tooj liab thiab zinc. Vim tias nws cov yas zoo, nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov phaj, cov kav hlau, cov xov hlau, cov kav dej thiab cov khoom siv sib sib zog nqus, xws li cov raj dej condenser, radiator tub, thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab hluav taws xob. Cov tooj dag nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov tooj liab ntawm 62% thiab 59% tuaj yeem tuaj yeem pov thiab yog hu ua tooj dag tooj cua.
(2) Lub tooj daj tshwj xeeb: Txhawm rau kom tau txais lub zog ntau dua, kev txhim kho corrosion thiab zoo casting kev ua tau zoo, txhuas, silicon, manganese, txhuas, tin thiab lwm yam tau ntxiv rau tooj liab-zinc alloy los tsim cov tooj dag tshwj xeeb. Xws li cov tooj dag txhuas, tooj daj ntawm tooj dag, txhuas tooj dag, tooj dag silicon, tooj dag manganese, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog dav siv hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm lub moos thiab saib qhov chaw, thiab kev tsim tawm cov kabmob av thiab tsob ntoo los ntawm kev cuam. Rass Tin tooj dag muaj kev txhim kho zoo corrosion thiab tau siv dav hauv qhov tsim cov nkoj nkoj hiav txwv. Aluminium nyob rau hauv txhuas tooj dag tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj zog thiab tawv ntawm tooj dag thiab txhim kho nws qhov kev txhim kho corrosion hauv cov huab cua. Aluminium tooj dag yog siv los tsim qhov chaw tiv thaiv xeb. Sil Cov kua roj silicon hauv cov xim daj silicon tuaj yeem txhim kho cov neeg kho tshuab, hnav tsis kam thiab tiv taus corrosion ntawm tooj. Silicon brass feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov nkoj hla hiav txwv thiab cov khoom siv tshuab hauv tshuab.
2. tooj dag
Bronze muas thaum chiv thawj hais txog tooj liab-yajthem alloys, tab sis nws yog kev cai nyob rau hauv kev lag luam hu rau tooj liab alloys uas muaj txhuas, silicon, txhuas, beryllium, manganese, thiab lwm yam, tseem tooj, yog li bronze yeej suav tin tin, txhuas bronze, txhuas bronze, beryllium bronze, thiab silicon bronze, Lead bronze, thiab lwm yam. Bronze tseem raug faib ua ob hom: siab-ua tiav tooj daj thiab cam khwb cia tooj.
(1) Tin tooj daj: tooj liab-ua raws tooj nrog cov yajthem ua cov ntsiab lus alloying yog hu ua tin bronze. Siv cov tooj bronze ua hauv kev lag luam tin bronze hauv Hebei muaj cov ntsiab lus tin ntawm 3% thiab 14%. Tin bronze nrog lub ntsiab lus tin ntawm tsawg dua 5% yog haum rau kev ua haujlwm txias; tin bronze nrog lub ntsiab lus tin ntawm 5% txog 7% yog qhov haum rau kev ua haujlwm kub; tin bronze nrog lub ntsiab lus tin ntawm ntau dua 10% yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev coj ua. Tin bronze yog dav siv hauv kev tsim kho nkoj, tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam, tshuab, ntsuas khoom thiab lwm yam lag luam. Nws yog tsuas yog siv los tsim cov kabmob, bushings thiab lwm yam coj-resistant qhov chaw, springs thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv xeb thiab anti-sib nqus.
(2) Txhuas tooj daj: Tooj liab tooj liab nrog txhuas nrog cov txhuas ua cov ntsiab lus alloying yog hu ua txhuas tooj. Cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm aluminium bronze yog siab dua tooj dag thiab tin bronze. Aluminium cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tswv yim txhuas bronze yog nruab nrab ntawm 5% thiab 12%, thiab txhuas tooj dag uas muaj 5% txog 7% ntawm txhuas muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws plasticity thiab haum rau kev ua haujlwm txias. Tom qab cov ntsiab lus aluminium muaj ntau dua li 7% txog 8%, lub zog ntau dua, tab sis cov khoom siv yas poob qis dua, yog li nws feem ntau yog siv hauv cov xeev li-cam khwb cia lossis tom qab ua haujlwm kub. Aluminium bronze muaj ntau dua kev ua hauj thiab xeb tiv taus hauv cov huab cua, dej hiav txwv, dej hiav txwv carbonic acid thiab feem ntau cov organic acids dua li tooj dag thiab tin bronze. Aluminium bronze tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom siv rau lub zog tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv zoo xws li cov nplais, Bushings, cov cab cab, thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev ua kom tsis muaj zog.
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